EPA Scientists & Workers Call for an End to Water Fluoridation Because of Cancer Risk

[TheCoolinator]

Originally Posted by Supafly345

If there is any significant danger from fluoride, you would definitely find it in these journals:

http://www.nature.com/nature/index.html
http://www.sciencemag.org/

If you can't find it in either of those, it probably isn't reputable.

Relying on only two sources is not too smart in a world with endless possibilities.

Anyway, Lets get back on topic here.

EPA unions, representing 7,000 plus environmental and public health professionals of the Civil Service have called for a moratorium on drinking water fluoridation programs across the country, and have asked EPA management to recognize fluoride as posing a serious risk of causing cancer in people.

Hmmm, this maybe somewhat important?

[Dr. Boogie]

Originally Posted by TheCoolinator

Relying on only two sources is not too smart in a world with endless possibilities.

Yes, better to rely on none and make up your own facts.

One day left, Coolie. You gonna make any effort at all to post a valid citation?

[Esuohlim]

Originally Posted by TheCoolinator

Relying on only two sources is not too smart in a world with endless possibilities.

Scientific journals themselves aren't the sources, it's the articles that are in them. Did you even finish high school? You're a lost cause.

[Pentegarn]

Originally Posted by TheCoolinator

Hmmm, this maybe somewhat important?

Nowhere near as important as this:

Originally Posted by Esuohlim

POST A SOURCE THAT SHOWS THAT SODIUM FLUORIDE IS DANGEROUS AT THE LEVEL PROVIDED BY TAP WATER AND TOOTHPASTE, NOT AT DANGEROUSLY HIGH LEVELS

and:

Originally Posted by Esuohlim

POST A SOURCE THAT SHOWS THAT SODIUM FLUORIDE IS DANGEROUS AT THE LEVEL PROVIDED BY TAP WATER AND TOOTHPASTE, NOT AT DANGEROUSLY HIGH LEVELS

can't forget this:

Originally Posted by Esuohlim

POST A SOURCE THAT SHOWS THAT SODIUM FLUORIDE IS DANGEROUS AT THE LEVEL PROVIDED BY TAP WATER AND TOOTHPASTE, NOT AT DANGEROUSLY HIGH LEVELS

or this:

Originally Posted by Esuohlim

POST A SOURCE THAT SHOWS THAT SODIUM FLUORIDE IS DANGEROUS AT THE LEVEL PROVIDED BY TAP WATER AND TOOTHPASTE, NOT AT DANGEROUSLY HIGH LEVELS

this too:

Originally Posted by Esuohlim

POST A SOURCE THAT SHOWS THAT SODIUM FLUORIDE IS DANGEROUS AT THE LEVEL PROVIDED BY TAP WATER AND TOOTHPASTE, NOT AT DANGEROUSLY HIGH LEVELS

what about this:

Originally Posted by Esuohlim

POST A SOURCE THAT SHOWS THAT SODIUM FLUORIDE IS DANGEROUS AT THE LEVEL PROVIDED BY TAP WATER AND TOOTHPASTE, NOT AT DANGEROUSLY HIGH LEVELS

can't forget this:

Originally Posted by Esuohlim

POST A SOURCE THAT SHOWS THAT SODIUM FLUORIDE IS DANGEROUS AT THE LEVEL PROVIDED BY TAP WATER AND TOOTHPASTE, NOT AT DANGEROUSLY HIGH LEVELS

Oh and

Spoilers!

Originally Posted by Esuohlim POST A SOURCE THAT SHOWS THAT SODIUM FLUORIDE IS DANGEROUS AT THE LEVEL PROVIDED BY TAP WATER AND TOOTHPASTE, NOT AT DANGEROUSLY HIGH LEVELS

[Blasted Child]

The dangers of sodium fluoride is nothing compared to the utter evilness of dihydrogen monoxide anyways.
http://www.dhmo.org/

[Colonel Flagg]

Originally Posted by TheCoolinator

EPA unions, representing 7,000 plus environmental and public health professionals of the Civil Service have called for a moratorium on drinking water fluoridation programs across the country, and have asked EPA management to recognize fluoride as posing a serious risk of causing cancer in people.

Ah, you're talking biology or public health?

Maybe you could check these two peer-reviewed journals.

www.pnas.org

www.nejm.org

Search these links. You might even find a bibliography or two.

[TheCoolinator]

Originally Posted by Colonel Flagg

Ah, you're talking biology or public health?

Maybe you could check these two peer-reviewed journals.

www.pnas.org

www.nejm.org

Search these links. You might even find a bibliography or two.

Did you read the first article? I'm with the EPA unions. Lower the Sodium Fluoride level to 0.


I. FLUORIDE & THE BRAIN (back to top) Fluoride & Learning/Behavior:

Bhatnagar M, et al. (2002). Neurotoxicity of fluoride: neurodegeneration in hippocampus of female mice. Indian Journal of Experimental Biology 40: 546-54. (See abstract)
Calderon J, et al. (2000). Influence of fluoride exposure on reaction time and visuospatial organization in children. Epidemiology 11(4): S153. (See abstract)
Calvert GM, et al. (1998). Health effects associated with sulfuryl fluoride and methyl bromide exposure among structural fumigation workers. American Journal of Public Health 88(12):1774-80. (See abstract)
Ekambaram P, Paul V. (2001). Calcium preventing locomotor behavioral and dental toxicities of fluoride by decreasing serum fluoride level in rats. Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology 9(4):141-146. (See abstract)
Li XS. (1995). Effect of fluoride exposure on intelligence in children. Fluoride 28(4):189-192. (See abstract)
Li Y, et al. (1994). [Effect of excessive fluoride intake on mental work capacity of children and a preliminary study of its mechanism] Hua Hsi I Ko Ta Hsueh Hsueh Pao. 25(2):188-91. (See abstract)
Lin Fa-Fu; et al (1991). The relationship of a low-iodine and high-fluoride environment to subclinical cretinism in Xinjiang. Iodine Deficiency Disorder Newsletter Vol. 7. No. 3. (See study)
Lu Y, et al (2000). Effect of high-fluoride water on intelligence of children. Fluoride 33:74-78. (See abstract | See study )
Morgan L, et al (1998). Investigation of the possible associations between fluorosis, fluoride exposure, and childhood behavior problems. Pediatric Dentistry 20: 244-252. (See abstract)
Mullenix P, et al. (1995).Neurotoxicity of sodium fluoride in rats. Neurotoxicology and Teratology 17:169-177. (See abstract | See editorial discussing this study)
National Research Council. (2006). Neurotoxicity and Neurobehavioral Effects. In: Fluoride in Drinking Water: A Scientific Review of EPA's Standards. National Academies Press, Washington D.C. (See chapter)
Paul V, et al. (1998). Effects of sodium fluoride on locomotor behavior and a few biochemical parameters in rats. Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology 6: 187–191. (See abstract)
Qin LS, Cui SY. (1990). The influence of drinking water fluoride on pupils IQ, as measured by Rui Wen's standards. Chinese Journal of the Control of Endemic Diseases 5:203-204.
Schettler T, et al. (2000). Known and suspected developmental neurotoxicants. pp. 90-92. In: In Harms Way - Toxic Threats to Child Development. Greater Boston Physicians for Social Responsibility: Cambridge, MA. (See excerpt)
Spittle B. (2000). Fluoride and intelligence (Editorial). Fluoride 33: 49-52. (See editorial)
Sun ZR, et al. (2000). Effects of high fluoride drinking water on the cerebral functions of mice. Chinese Journal of Epidemiology 19: 262-263. (See abstract)
Wang G, et al. (1996). Research on intelligence quotient of 4-7 year-old children in a district with a high level of fluoride. Endemic Diseases Bulletin 11:60-62.
Wang S, et al. (2005). Investigation and evaluation on intelligence and growth of children in endemic fluorosis and arsenism areas. Chinese Journal of Endemiology 24:179-182.
Xiang Q, et al. (2003). Effect of fluoride in drinking water on children's intelligence. Fluoride 36: 84-94. (See abstract)
Yang Y, et al. (1994). [Effects of high iodine and high fluorine on children's intelligence and the metabolism of iodine and fluorine]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi.15(5):296-8. (See abstract)
Zhang C, et al. (1999). [Effect of fluoride-arsenic exposure on the neurobehavioral development of rats offspring] Wei Sheng Yan Jiu. 28(6):337-8. (See abstract)
Zhang Z, et al. (2001). [Effects of selenium on the damage of learning-memory ability of mice induced by fluoride]. Wei Sheng Yan Jiu. 30(3):144-6. (See abstract)
Zhang Z, et al. (1999). [Effect of fluoride exposure on synaptic structure of brain areas related to learning-memory in mice] [Article in Chinese]. Wei Sheng Yan Jiu 28(4):210-2. (See abstract)
Zhao LB, et al (1996). Effect of high-fluoride water supply on children's intelligence. Fluoride 29: 190-192. (See abstract)

Fluoride-Induced Damage to Brain (back to top)

Bhatnagar M, et al. (2002). Neurotoxicity of fluoride: neurodegeneration in hippocampus of female mice. Indian Journal of Experimental Biology 40: 546-54. (See abstract)
Bhatnagar M, et al. (2006). Biochemical changes in brain and other tissues of young adult female mice from fluoride in their drinking water. Fluoride 39:280-284. (See study)
Chen J, et al. (2003). Selective decreases of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in PC12 cells exposed to fluoride. Toxicology 183(1-3):235-42. (See abstract)
Chen J, et al. (2002). Studies on DNA damage and apoptosis in rat brain induced by fluoride. Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi. 36(4):222-224. (See abstract)
Chen J, et al. (2002). Selective decreases of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in PC12 cells exposed to fluoride. Toxicology 183(1-3):235-42. (See abstract)
Chinoy NJ, et al. (2004). Biochemical effects of sodium fluoride and arsenic trioxide toxicity and their reversal in the brain of mice. Fluoride 37: 80-87. (See abstract)
Du L. (1992). [The effect of fluorine on the developing human brain]. Chung-hua Ping Li Hsueh Tsa Chih. 21(4):218-20. (See abstract)
Eisenbrandt DL, Nitschke KD. (1989). Inhalation toxicity of sulfuryl fluoride in rats and rabbits. Fundamentals of Applied Toxicology 1989 Apr;12(3):540-57. (See abstract)
Ge Y, et al. (2005). Effects of high fluoride and low iodine on brain histopathology in offspring rats. Fluoride 38: 127-132.
Ge Y, et al. (2006). Apoptosis in brain cells of offspring rats exposed to high fluoride and low iodine. Fluoride 39:173-178. (See study)
Guan ZZ, et al (1998). Influence of chronic fluorosis on membrane lipids in rat brain. Neurotoxicology and Teratology 20: 537-542. (See abstract)
Janiszewska G, et al. (1984). Effect of certain agents on subcellular cAMP level in different areas of rat brain. Acta Physiologica Polonica 35(3):199-206. (See abstract)
Kay AR, et al. (1986). Intracellular fluoride alters the kinetic properties of calcium currents facilitating the investigation of synaptic events in hippocampal neurons. Journal of Neuroscience 6(10):2915-20. (See abstract)
Lakshmi Vani M, Pratap Reddy K. (2000). Effects of fluoride accumulation on some enzymes of brain and gastrocnemius muscle of mice. Fluoride 33: 17-26. (See abstract)
Liu WX. (1989). [Experimental study of behavior and cerebral morphology of rat pups generated by fluorotic female rat] Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi. 18(4):290-2. (See abstract)
Long YG, et al. (2002). Chronic fluoride toxicity decreases the number of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in rat brain. Neurotoxicology and Teratology 24(6):751-7. (See abstract)
Lu XH, et al. (2000). Study of the mechanism of neurone apoptosis in rats from the chronic fluorosis. Chinese Journal of Epidemiology 19: 96-98. (See abstract)
National Research Council. (2006). Neurotoxicity and Neurobehavioral Effects. In: Fluoride in Drinking Water: A Scientific Review of EPA's Standards. National Academies Press, Washington D.C. (See chapter)
Sarri E, Claro E. (1999). Fluoride-induced depletion of polyphosphoinositides in rat brain cortical slices: a rationale for the inhibitory effects on phospholipase C. International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience 17(4):357-67. (See abstract)
Shah SD, Chinoy NJ. (2004). Adverse effects of fluoride and/or arsenic on the cerebral hemisphere of mice and recovery by some antidotes. Fluoride 37: 162-171. (See abstract)
Shan KR, et al. (2004). Decreased nicotinic receptors in PC12 cells and rat brains influenced by fluoride toxicity-a mechanism relating to a damage at the level in post-transcription of the receptor genes. Toxicology 200: 169-77. (See abstract)
Shao Q, et al. (2000). [Influence of free radical inducer on the level of oxidative stress in brain of rats with fluorosis]. Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi 34(6):330-2. (See abstract)
Shashi A. (2003). Histopathological investigation of fluoride-induced neurotoxicity in rabbits. Fluoride 36: 95-105. (See abstract)
Shashi A, et al. (1994). Effect of long-term administration of fluoride on levels of protein, free amino acids and RNA in rabbit brain. Fluoride 27: 155-159. (See abstract)
Shashi A. (1992). Studies on alterations in brain lipid metabolism following experimental fluorosis. Fluoride 25(2):77-84. (See abstract)
Shen X, Zhang Z, Xu X. (2004). [Influence of combined iodine and fluoride on phospholipid and fatty acid composition in brain cells of rats] Wei Sheng Yan Jiu. 33:158-61. (See abstract)
Shivarajashankara YM , et al. (2002). Histological changes in the brain of young fluoride-intoxicated rats. Fluoride 35(1): 12-21. (See study)
Shivarajashankara YM , et al. (2002). Brain lipid peroxidation and antioxidant systems of young rats in chronic fluoride intoxication. Fluoride 35: 197-203. (See abstract)
Trabelsi M, et al. (2001). Effect of fluoride on thyroid function and cerebellar development in mice. Fluoride 34: 165-173. (See study)
Varner JA, et al. (1998). Chronic administration of aluminum-fluoride and sodium-fluoride to rats in drinking water: alterations in neuronal and cerebrovascular integrity. Brain Research 784: 284-298. (See abstract | See condensed version of study | See media report)
Wang J, et al. (2004). Effects of high fluoride and low iodine on oxidative stress and antioxidant defense of the brain in offspring rats. Fluoride 37: 264-270. (See abstract)
Wang Y, et al. (1997). [Changes of coenzyme Q content in brain tissues of rats with fluorosis]. Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi. 31: 330-3. (See abstract)
Zhai JX, et al. (2003). [Studies on fluoride concentration and cholinesterase activity in rat hippocampus] Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi 21(2):102-4. (See abstract)
Zhao XL, Wu JH. (1998). Actions of sodium fluoride on acetylcholinesterase activities in rats. Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 11(1):1-6. (See abstract)
Zhao XL, Gao WH, Zhao ZL. (1994). [Effects of sodium fluoride on the activity of Ca2+Mg(2+)-ATPase in synaptic membrane in rat brain] Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi.28(5):264-6. (See abstract)

XIX. SYSTEMIC FLUORIDE NEVER APPROVED BY FDA (back to top)

Food & Drug Administration. (2000). Letter from Melinda K. Plaisier, Associate Commissioner for Legislation, FDA, to Congressman Ken Calvert. Dec 21, 2000. (See letter)

Kelly JV. (2000). Letter to Senator Robert Smith, Chairman of Environment and Public Works Committee, U.S. Senate, August 14, 2000. (See letter)

[TheCoolinator]

IV. FLUORIDE & BONE (back to top) Endemic fluorosis(back to top)
Azar HA, et al. (1961). Skeletal fluorosis due to chronic fluoride intoxication. Annals of Internal Medicine 55:193-200.
Barot VV. (1998). Occurrence of endemic fluorosis in human population of North Gujarat, India: human health risk. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 61: 303-10.
Bo Z, et al. (2003). Distribution and risk assessment of fluoride in drinking water in the west plain region of Jilin province, China. Environmental Geochemistry and Health 25(4): 421-31. (See abstract)
Boyle DR, Chagnon M. (1995). An incidence of skeletal fluorosis associated with groundwaters of the maritime carboniferous basin, Gaspe region, Quebec, Canada. Environmental Geochemistry and Health 17: 5-12.
Bruns BR, Tytle T. (1988). Skeletal fluorosis: a report of two cases. Orthopedics 11: 1083-1087. (See abstract)
Cao J, et al. (2003). Brick tea fluoride as a main source of adult fluorosis. Food and Chemical Toxicology 41(4):535-42. (See abstract)
Choubisa SL, et al. (2001). Endemic fluorosis in Rajasthan. Indian Journal of Environmental Health 43:177-89. (See abstract)
Christie DP. (1980). The spectrum of radiographic bone changes in children with fluorosis. Radiology 136(1):85-90. (See abstract)
Cook HA. (1971). Fluoride studies in a patient with arthritis. The Lancet 1: 817. (See study)
Dhuna AK, et al. (1992). Skeletal fluorosis. An unusual cause of progressive radiculomyelopathy. Spine 17:842-4.
Faccini JM, Teotia SPS. (1974). Histopathological assessment of endemic skeletal fluorosis. Calcified Tissue Research 16: 45-57.
Felsenfeld AJ, Roberts MA. (1991). A report of fluorosis in the United States secondary to drinking well water. Journal of the American Medical Association 265:486-8. (See abstract)
Fisher JR, et al. (1981). Skeletal fluorosis from eating soil. Arizona Medicine 38: 833-5. (See abstract)
Fisher RL, et al. (1989). Endemic fluorosis with spinal cord compression. A case report and review. Archives of Internal Medicine 149: 697-700. (See abstract)
Gilbaugh JH, Thompson GJ. (1966). Fluoride osteosclerosis simulating carcinoma of the prostate with widespread bony metastasis: a case report. Journal of Urology 96: 944-946.
Goldman SM, et al. (1971). Radiculomyelopathy in a southwestern indian due to skeletal fluorosis. Arizona Medicine 28: 675-677.
Gupta RK, et al. (1996). Compressive myelopathy in fluorosis. Neuroradiology 38: 338-342. (See abstract)
Haimanot RT. (1990). Neurological complications of endemic skeletal fluorosis, with special emphasis on radiculo-myelopathy. Paraplegia 28:244-51. (See abstract)
Hileman B. (1988). Fluoridation of water. Questions about health risks and benefits remain after more than 40 years. Chemical and Engineering News August 1. 26-42. (See excerpt)
Johnson W, et al. (1979). Fluoridation and bone disease in renal patients. In: E Johansen, DR Taves, TO Olsen, Eds. Continuing Evaluation of the Use of Fluorides. AAAS Selected Symposium. Westview Press, Boulder, Colorado. pp. 275-293. (See extended excerpt)
Jolly SS, et al. (1973). Endemic fluorosis in Punjab: 1. skeletal aspect. Fluoride 6: 4-18.
Jolly SS. (1970). Hydric fluorosis in Punjab. In: TL Vischer, ed. (1970). Fluoride in Medicine. Hans Huber, Bern. pp. 106-121.
Jolly SS. (1968). An epidemiological, clinical and biochemical study of endemic, dental and skeletal fluorosis in Punjab. Fluoride 1(2): 65-75.
Juncos LI, Donadio JV Jr. (1972). Renal failure and fluorosis. Journal of the American Medical Association 222(7):783-5. (See abstract)
Kilborn LG, et al. (1950). Fluorosis with report of an advanced case. Canadian Medical Association Journal 62: 135-141.
Krishnamachari KA. (1986). Skeletal fluorosis in humans: a review of recent progress in the understanding of the disease. Progress in Food and Nutrition Sciences 10(3-4):279-314. (See abstract)
Krishnamachari KA, Krishnaswamy K. (1973). Genu valgum and osteoporosis in an area of endemic fluorosis. The Lancet. 2(7834): 877-879. (See abstract)
Kumar SP, Harper RA. (1963). Fluorosis in Aden. British Journal of Radiology 36: 497-502.
Lantz O, et al. (1987). Fluoride-induced chronic renal failure. American Journal of Kidney Disorders 10:136-9. (See abstract)
Latham MC, Grech P. (1967). The effects of excessive fluoride intake. American Journal of Public Health 57: 651-660.
Leone NC, Stevenson CA, Hilbish TF, Sosman MC. (1955). A roentgenologic study of a human population exposed to high-fluoride domestic water: a ten year study. American Journal of Roentgenology, Radium Therapy and Nuclear Medicine 74: 874-885.
Lian ZC, Wu EH. (1986). Osteoporosis--an early radiographic sign of endemic fluorosis. Skeletal Radiology 15(5):350-3. (See abstract)
Linsman JF, McMurray CA. (1943). Fluoride osteosclerosis from drinking water. Radiology 40: 474-484.
Littleton J. (1999). Paleopathology of skeletal fluorosis. American Journal of Physical Anthropology 109(4):465-83. (See abstract)
Lyth O. (1946). Endemic fluorosis in Kweichow, China. The Lancet 1: 233-235.
Misra UK, et al. (1988). Endemic fluorosis presenting as cervical cord compression. Archives of Environmental Health 43:18-21. (See abstract)
Mithal A, et al. (1993). Radiological spectrum of endemic fluorosis: relationship with calcium intake. Skeletal Radiology 22(4):257-61. (See abstract)
Morris JW. (1965). Skeletal fluorosis among indians of the American Southwest. American Journal of Roentgenology, Radium Therapy & Nuclear Medicine 94: 608-615.
Muthukumar N. (2005). Ossification of the ligamentum flavum as a result of fluorosis causing myelopathy: report of two cases. Neurosurgery 56: 622. (See abstract)
Pandit CG, et al. (1940). Endemic fluorosis in South India. Indian Journal of Medical Research 28: 533-558.
Pinet A, Pinet F. (1968). Endemic fluorosis in the Sahara. Fluoride 1(2): 85-93.
Sauerbrunn BJ, et al. (1965). Chronic fluoride intoxication with fluorotic radiculomyelopathy. Annals of Internal Medicine 63: 1074-1078.
Savas S, et al. (2001). Endemic fluorosis in Turkish patients: relationship with knee osteoarthritis. Rheumatology International 21(1):30-5. (See abstract )
Shortt HE, et al. (1937). Endemic fluorosis in the Madras presidency. Indian Journal of Medical Research 25: 553-568.
Siddiqui AH. (1970). Neurological complications of skeletal fluorosis with special reference to lesions in the cervical region. Fluoride 3: 91-96.
Siddiqui AH. (1955). Fluorosis in Nalgonda district, Hyderabad-Deccan. British Medical Journal ii (Dec 10): 1408-1413.
Singh A, Jolly SS. (1970). Chronic toxic effects on the skeletal system. In: Fluorides and Human Health. World Health Organization.
Singh A, et al. (1963). Endemic fluorosis. Epidemiological, clinical and biochemical study of chronic fluoride intoxication in Punjab. Medicine. 42: 229-246.
Singh A, et al. (1961). Skeletal fluorosis and its neurological complications. Lancet 1: 197-200.
Soriano, M. (1968). Periostitis deformans due to wine fluorosis. Fluoride 1: 56-64.
Stevenson CA, Watson R. (1957). Fluoride osteosclerosis. American Journal of Roentgenology, Radium Therapy and Nuclear Medicine 78: 13-18.
Susheela AK, Bhatnagar M. (2002). Reversal of fluoride induced cell injury through elimination of fluoride and consumption of diet rich in essential nutrients and antioxidants. Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry 234-235(1-2):335-40. (See abstract)
Susheela AK, et al. (1993). Prevalence of endemic fluorosis with gastro-intestinal manifestations in people living in some North-Indian villages. Fluoride 26(2): 97-104. (See abstract)
Teotia M, Teotia SP, Singh KP. (1998). Endemic chronic fluoride toxicity and dietary calcium deficiency interaction syndromes of metabolic bone disease and deformities in India: year 2000. Indian Journal of Pediatrics 65:371-81. (See abstract)
Teotia SPS, et al. (1976). Symposium on the non-skeletal phase of chronic fluorosis: the joints. Fluoride 9(1): 19-24. (See paper)
Teotia M, Teotia SPS. (1973). Further observations on endemic fluoride-induced osteopathies in children. Fluoride 6: 143-151.
UNICEF Water, Environment & Sanitation. (1999). Fluoride in water: An overview. Waterfront December. (See report)
Xu RQ, et al. (1997). Relations between environment and endemic fluorosis in Hohot region, Inner Mongolia. Fluoride 30: 26-28
Waldbott GL. (1956). Incipient fluorine intoxication from drinking water. Acta Medica Scandinavica 156: 157-168. (See summary)
Wang W, et al. (2004). Ossification of the transverse atlantal ligament associated with fluorosis: a report of two cases and review of the literature. Spine 29 :E75-8. (See abstract)
Wang Y, et al. (1994). Endemic fluorosis of the skeleton: radiographic features in 127 patients. American Journal of Roentgenology 162(1):93-8. (See abstract).
Webb-Peploe MM, Bradley WG. (1966). Endemic fluorosis with neurological complications in a Hampshire man. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry 29:577-583.
Whyte MP, et al. (2005). Skeletal fluorosis and instant tea. American Journal of Medicine 118:78-82. (See press release)
Yang L, et al. (2003). Developing environmental health indicators as policy tools for endemic fluorosis management in the People's Republic of China. Environmental Geochemistry and Health 25(3):281-95. (See abstract)
Zhavoronkov AA. (1977). [Non-skeletal forms of fluorosis]. Arkh Patol. 39(3):83-91. (See abstract)
See also:

[TheCoolinator]

Fluoride & Bone Fracture: Human Clinical Trials (back to top)

Bayley TA, et al. (1990). Fluoride-induced fractures: relation to osteogenic effect. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research 5(Suppl 1):S217-22. (See abstract)
Dambacher MA, et al. (1986). Long-term fluoride therapy of postmenopausal osteoporosis. Bone 7: 199-205. (See abstract
Gerster JC, et al. (1983). Bilateral fractures of femoral neck in patients with moderate renal failure receiving fluoride for spinal osteoporosis. British Medical Journal (Clin Res Ed) 287(6394):723-5. (See abstract)
Gutteridge DH, et al. (2002). A randomized trial of sodium fluoride (60 mg) +/- estrogen in postmenopausal osteoporotic vertebral fractures: increased vertebral fractures and peripheral bone loss with sodium fluoride; concurrent estrogen prevents peripheral loss, but not vertebral fractures. Osteoporosis International 13(2):158-70. (See abstract)
Gutteridge DH, et al. (1990). Spontaneous hip fractures in fluoride-treated patients: potential causative factors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research 5 Suppl 1:S205-15. (See abstract)
Haguenauer D, et al. (2000). Fluoride for the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporotic fractures: a meta-analysis. Osteoporosis International 11(9):727-38. (See abstract)
Hedlund LR, Gallagher JC. (1989). Increased incidence of hip fracture in osteoporotic women treated with sodium fluoride. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research 4:223-5. (See abstract)
Inkovaara J, et al. (1975). Prophylactic fluoride treatment and aged bones. British Medical Journal 3(5975):73-4. (See abstract)
Kleerekoper M, et al. (1991). A randomized trial of sodium fluoride as a treatment for postmenopausal osteoporosis. Osteoporosis International 1(3):155-61. (See abstract)
Meunier PJ, et al. (1998). Fluoride salts are no better at preventing new vertebral fractures than calcium-vitamin D in postmenopausal osteoporosis: the FAVOStudy. Osteoporosis International 8: 4-12. (See abstract)
National Research Council. (2006). Musculoskeletal Effects. In: Fluoride in Drinking Water: A Scientific Review of EPA's Standards. National Academies Press, Washington D.C. (See chapter)
O'Duffy JD, et al. (1986). Mechanism of acute lower extremity pain syndrome in fluoride-treated osteoporotic patients. American Journal of Medicine 80: 561-6. (See abstract)
Orcel P, et al. (1990). Stress fractures of the lower limbs in osteoporotic patients treated with fluoride. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research 5(Suppl 1): S191-4. (See abstract)
Orcel P, et al. (1987). [Spontaneous fissures and fractures of the legs in patients with osteoporosis treated with sodium fluoride]. Presse Med. 16: 571-5. (See abstract)
Pak CY, et al. (1996). Comparison of nonrandomized trials with slow-release sodium fluoride with a randomized placebo-controlled trial in postmenopausal osteoporosis. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research 11(2):160-8. (See abstract)
Pak CY, et al. (1995). Treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis with slow-release sodium fluoride. Final report of a randomized controlled trial. Annals of Internal Medicine 123: 401-8. (See abstract)
Riggs BL, et al. (1990). Effect of Fluoride treatment on the Fracture Rates in Postmenopausal Women with Osteoporosis. New England Journal of Medicine 322:802-809. (See abstract)
Rubin CD, et al. (2001). Sustained-release sodium fluoride in the treatment of the elderly with established osteoporosis. Archives of Internal Medicine 161(19):2325-33. (See abstract)
Schnitzler CM, et al. (1990). Bone fragility of the peripheral skeleton during fluoride therapy for osteoporosis. Clinical Orthopaedics (261):268-75. (See abstract)
Schnitzler CM, Solomon L. (1985). Trabecular stress fractures during fluoride therapy for osteoporosis. Skeletal Radioliology 14(4):276-9. (See abstract)

Fluoride & Bone Fracture: Epidemiological Studies (back to top)
Studies reporting association between fluoridated water (< 1.2 ppm fluoride) & hip fracture.(back to top)

a) Cooper C, et al. (1990). Water fluoride concentration and fracture of the proximal femur. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health 44: 17-19.
b) Cooper C, et al. (1991). Water fluoridation and hip fracture. Letter. Journal of the American Medical Association 266: 513-514. (A reanalysis of data presented in 1990 paper). (See letter)
Danielson C, et al. (1992). Hip fractures and fluoridation in Utah's elderly population. Journal of the American Medical Association 268(6): 746-748. (See abstract)
Hegmann KT, et al. (2000). The effects of fluoridation on degenerative joint disease (DJD) and hip Fractures. Abstract # 71 of the 33rd annual meeting of the Society for Epidemiological Research. American Journal of Epidemiology S18. (See abstract).
Jacobsen SJ, et al. (1992). The association between water fluoridation and hip fracture among white women and men aged 65 years and older; a national ecologic study. Annals of Epidemiology 2: 617-626. (See abstract)
Jacobsen SJ, et al. (1990). Regional variation in the incidence of hip fracture: US white women aged 65 years and olders. Journal of the American Medical Association 264(4): 500-2. (See excerpt)
a) Jacqmin-Gadda H, et al. (1995). Fluorine concentration in drinking water and fractures in the elderly. Journal of the American Medical Association 273: 775-776 (letter). (See letter)
b) Jacqmin-Gadda H, et al. (1998). Risk factors for fractures in the elderly. Epidemiology 9(4): 417-423. (An elaboration of the 1995 study referred to in the JAMA letter). (See abstract)
Keller C. (1991) Fluorides in drinking water. Unpublished results. Discussed in: Gordon SL, Corbin SB. (1992). Summary of Workshop on Drinking Water Fluoride Influence on Hip Fracture on Bone Health. Osteoporosis International 2: 109-117. (See excerpt)
Kurttio PN, et al. (1999). Exposure to natural fluoride in well water and hip fracture: A cohort analysis in Finland. American Journal of Epidemiology 150(8): 817-824.(See abstract)
May DS, Wilson MG. (1992). Hip fractures in relation to water fluoridation: an ecologic analysis. Unpublished results. Discussed in: Gordon SL, Corbin SB. (1992). Summary of Workshop on Drinking Water Fluoride Influence on Hip Fracture on Bone Health. Osteoporosis International 2: 109-117. (See excerpt)
Suarez-Almazor M, et al. (1993). The fluoridation of drinking water and hip fracture hospitalization rates in two Canadian communities. American Journal of Public Health 83: 689-693. (See abstract)

The authors of this study conclude there is no association between fluoridation and hip fracture. However, their own data reveals a significant increase in hip fracture for men living in the fluoridated area. According to the study, "although a statistically significant increase in the risk of hip fracture was observed among Edmonton men, this increase was relatively small (RR=1.12)."

b) Studies investigating association between water-fluoride levels higher than fluoridated water (2 to 5 ppm) & bone/hip fracture.(back to top)

Alarcon-Herrera MT, et al. (2001). Well Water Fluoride, Dental fluorosis, Bone Fractures in the Guadiana Valley of Mexico. Fluoride 34(2): 139-149. (See study)
Li Y, et al. (2001). Effect of long-term exposure to fluoride in drinking water on risks of bone fractures. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research 16(5):932-9. (See abstract)
Sowers MR, et al. (1986). The relationship of bone mass and fracture history to fluoride and calcium intake: a study of three communities. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 44:889-98. (See abstract)
Sowers M, et al. (1991). A prospective study of bone mineral content and fracture in communities with differential fluoride exposure. American Journal of Epidemiology 133: 649-660. (See abstract)
Sowers M, et al.(2005) Elevated serum fluoride concentrations in women are not related to fractures and bone mineral density. Journal of Nutrition 135:2247-52. (See abstract)

c) Studies reporting no association, or a negative association, between fluoridated water & hip fracture.(back to top)
(Note that in 3 of these 9 studies, an association was found between fluoride and some form of fracture - i.e. distal forearm. See notes and quotes below.)

Arnala I, et al. (1986). Hip fracture incidence not affected by fluoridation. Osteofluorosis studied in Finland. Acta Orthopaedica Scandinavica 57: 344-348. (See abstract)
Cauley J. et al. (1995). Effects of fluoridated drinking water on bone mass and fractures: the study of osteoporotic fractures. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research 10(7): 1076-86. (See abstract)
Feskanich D, et al. (1998). Use of toenail fluoride levels as an indicator for the risk of hip and forearm fractures in women. Epidemiology 9(4): 412-6.(See abstract)

While this study didn't find an association between water fluoride and hip fracture, it did find an association - albeit non-significant 1.6 (0.8-3.1) - between fluoride exposure and elevated rates of forearm fracture.

Hillier S, et al. (2000). Fluoride in drinking water and risk of hip fracture in the UK: a case control study. The Lancet 335: 265-2690. (See abstract)
Jacobsen SJ, et al. (1993). Hip fracture incidence before and after the fluoridation of the public water supply, Rochester, Minnesota. American Journal of Public Health 83: 743-745. (See abstract)
Karagas MR, et al. (1996). Patterns of fracture among the United States elderly: Geographic and fluoride effects. Annals of Epidemiology 6 (3): 209-216. (See abstract | See critique of study)

As with Feskanich (1998) this study didn't find an association between fluoridation & hip fracture, but it did find an association between fluoridation and distal forearm fracture, as well as proximal humerus fracture. "Independent of geographic effects, men in fluoridated areas had modestly higher rates of fractures of the distal forearm and proximal humerus than did men in nonfluoridated areas."

Lehmann R, et al. (1998). Drinking water fluoridation: Bone mineral density and hip fracture incidence. Bone 22: 273-278. (See abstract)
Madans J, et al. (1983). The relationship between hip fracture and water fluoridation: an analysis of national data. American Journal of Public Health 73: 296-298. (See abstract)
Phipps KR, et al. (2000). Community water fluoridation, bone mineral density and fractures: prospective study of effects in older women. British Medical Journal 321: 860-4. (See abstract | See Study | See BMJ letter responding to study| See critique of study )

This study reported a decreased incidence of hip fracture in fluoridated areas. However, as with Feskanich (1998) and Karagas (1996), the study also found an association between fluoridation and other types of fracture - in this case, wrist fracture. "There was a non-significant trend toward an increased risk of wrist fracture."

See also:

Bernstein DS, et al. (1966). Prevalence of osteoporosis in high- and low-fluoride areas in North Dakota. Journal of the American Medical Association 198: 499-504. (See abstract & critique)
Lee JR. (1993). Fluoridation & hip fracture. Fluoride 26(4): 274-277. (See paper)
National Research Council. (2006). Musculoskeletal Effects. In: Fluoride in Drinking Water: A Scientific Review of EPA's Standards. National Academies Press, Washington D.C. (See chapter)

[The Leader]

Well, for one thing Coolie, I clicked on a couple of the abstracts for those and they dealt with high concentrations of fluoride. One was even about problems in India where ". . . Presence of abnormal concentrations of trace elements like strontium, uranium, silica in water supplies, high fluoride levels in foods. . . ." was found. That's not really about the well regulated fluoridation of the US's tap water.

For another thing you're just spamming the thread with a giant bibliography for a argument that you have yet to articulate.

[Esuohlim]

If you're going to copy and paste an entire bibliography, which are the citings of the sources and the not the sources themselves, then either you're not taking this seriously or you really are just not smart enough to make such erroneous claims and actually back them up with real evidence. You probably didn't even read any of it, or you just like the science-y sounding titles, right?

I am not going to sift through a list of 200 articles to find one that backs up your argument. This is your job. This is your ban to avoid, if you truly want to avoid it. Do it for Dimnos, he's the only one upset about this situation you're in!

9 hours left.

[Dr. Boogie]

Coolie, I read all of those articles. Each and every one of them. Not one of them backs up what you're saying.

Don't believe me? Then post the specific statements from at least one showing that sodium fluoride, even in minute amounts, is deadly.

[kahljorn]

COOLIE WON BECAUSE HES STILL MAKING US WASTE OUR TIME

[Evil Robot]

PEDOPHILE
PEDOPHILE
PEDOPHILE
PEDOPHILE
PEDOPHILE
PEDOPHILE
PEDOPHILE
PEDOPHILE
PEDOPHILE
PEDOPHILE
PEDOPHILE
PEDOPHILE
PEDOPHILE
PEDOPHILE
PEDOPHILE

MEGANS LAW
AMBER ALERT
COOLIE IS A SEX OFFENDER

[Pentegarn]

43 minutes to go

[kahljorn]

Did you read the first article?

No, but I'm sure that's all you read

I'm with the EPA unions. Lower the Sodium Fluoride level to 0.

Ultimately, the EPA unions are a bunch of dipshits who don't know what the fuck they're talking about. We don't listen to grocery store workers opinions on nutrition.

[TheCoolinator]

Originally Posted by kahljorn

COOLIE WON BECAUSE HES STILL MAKING US WASTE OUR TIME

Ding!

[Pentegarn]

I'll bet Coolie faps to responses to his conspiracy theories

[Colonel Flagg]

I found it amusing that in all his bibliographies, all his research, and all his Google hits, any scientific work that was cited - not read or understood, but cited through someone else's work - was at a minimum 5 years old. This EPA thing he keeps going on about is 5 years old. So Bush had just won term #2 - where's the hue and cry? If there was a public health disaster brewing, why hasn't it been publicized in the 5 years since?

Perhaps because there isn't one? Perhaps because the work was done and the risk was assessed, and found to be negligible against the benefits of minute amounts of fluoride in drinking water?

No, everyone in politics, in the EPA and FDA, in the Water Treatment Industry and in the Toothpaste Industry is "in" on the "conspiracy". This makes sooo much more sense.

My final message to coolie - Keep using dirt to brush your teeth, and paying a premium price to do so. You're keeping "big Toothpaste" in business by doing so.

[Colonel Flagg]

Originally Posted by Pentegarn

I'll bet Coolie faps to responses to his conspiracy theories

[Esuohlim]

http://lmgtfy.com/?q=BANNED

[Supafly345]

Originally Posted by TheCoolinator

Relying on only two sources is not too smart in a world with endless possibilities.

Have you ever been to fucking school? You can source a hundred times to just one, just one, of those journals, and as long as they are separate papers they are considered separate sources. JESUS FUCK, you do know that the papers in science journals aren't written by the staff who run the journal right? I mean you have at least a tenuous grasp of the scientific process that even the most retarded college freshman has right? You must have, or else you wouldn't be linking to hundreds of papers you've never read right? To know if they are trustworthy? Right? Not just linked by truthers?

Up until now I've held back the insults, name calling, and character smears in the spirit of good sport. But now that you are gone coolie, I think it was high time I let a little out, since by now it is clear there is no hope for you. You crazy, rapist, truther, angsty, pedo, murdering, theiving, conspiracy theoris, paranoid, mother fucking racist.

[Zhukov]

Tee hee hee.

I like how with his very last breath Coolie tries the "I WAS JUST TROLLING YOU!" tactic.

Funny while he lasted. What a moron though.

[Esuohlim]

Originally Posted by TheCoolinator

Ding!

This is some heavy M. Night Shyamalan shit brah

[kahljorn]

I CRACKED THE CODE RIGHT AT THE END

I THINK OUR LIVES ARE SPARED FROM WHATEVER IMAGINARY SHIT WAS COMING AFTER US